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Corporal 972357 Jack Warwick Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve Air Headquarters Singapore
03/11/2025
Second World War Air Force United Kingdom Prisoners of War SINGAPORE MEMORIAL
By Wendy Jordan

United Kingdom

Corporal Jack Warwick
1816544
A deadly maritime disaster

Jack was stationed at the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve Air Headquarters in Singapore as a Corporal Air force Engineer, service no 972357 only to be captured by the Japanese on the 8th March 1942 and taken to Ambon Prisoner of War Camp spending just over 2 years there.

 Powerful bonds formed among the prisoners. Some shared their meagre rations with desperately ill comrades or risked their lives to barter outside the camps. Ingenious prison doctors improvised medical equipment and drugs denied to them by the Japanese. But despite such efforts, British Commonwealth prisoners in the Far East were 7 times more likely to die than those captured in Europe.

These were men in the bloom of life many of them highly trained air crew fitters, aircraft engineers and radio operators. Escape was almost impossible. Most camps were hundreds of miles from Allied-held territory. Prisoners were too undernourished to be capable of surviving for too long and Europeans in Asia could not easily go unnoticed.

On transferring to camp Haroekoe Jack was deployed as slave labour travelling on the ship Junyo Maru. At 4.15pm on 18th September 1944 the ship was torpedoed off the western coast of Sumatra by British submarine HMSM Tradewind. 

Conditions on board were cramped and degrading for POWs, but on the Junyo Maru there were also 4,200 romusha who had been beaten down into the holds by guards cramming as many people as possible into the space available. The romusha were native slave labourers predominantly from Java who, for the entire period of their captivity, suffered especially inhumane conditions.

Few romusha are reported to have attempted to leave the stricken ship; only 200 are thought to have survived the sinking as they huddled together on board, rather than jumping for a chance in the water. Whilst the sinking of the Junyo Maru was one of the deadliest maritime disasters of World War 2 it took less than 1 hour for it to sink into the Indian Ocean, with the loss of over 5,500 lives.

The 880 survivors were picked up by Japanese ships and put into forced labour on railways constructed under the command of the Japanese Imperial Army: the Pakanbaroe railway across the island of Sumatra being one of them. Ironically the Haroekoe camp was liberated the day that Jack was killed in the sinking of the Junyo Maru on the 18th September 1945.

For many liberation came too late. Almost a quarter of all Allied prisoners in Japanese hands died during captivity. Jack Warwick is commemorated on the Singapore War Memorial Column 437 and was awarded the 1939-1945 War Medal and 1939-1945 Star.

Jack's parents were Joseph and Mary Warwick. However they have been unable to be traced. Next of Kin was listed as Edna Charlotte Foulkes living at 126 Stainbeck Road Meanwood Leeds. One can only presume that Edna was his fiancé as he left all is belongings to her in his will. Edna Charlotte Foulkes married James Parker at Holy Trinity Church Meanwood Leeds in 1947.